“India Newborn Action Plan (INAP) 2024: Key Strategies for Reducing Newborn Deaths and Stillbirths”

India Newborn Action Plan (INAP)

“Discover the India Newborn Action Plan (INAP) 2024, designed to reduce neonatal deaths and stillbirths through targeted interventions and strategic goals. Learn how INAP aims to achieve single-digit rates for NMR and SBR by 2030.”

Introduction:

• Response: India’s commitment to the Global Every Newborn Action Plan (ENAP), launched at the 67th World Health Assembly in June 2014.
• Purpose: To eliminate preventable newborn deaths and stillbirths through high-impact and cost-effective interventions.

Key Objectives:

• Reduce Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR): Achieve a single-digit NMR by 2030.
• Reduce Stillbirth Rate (SBR): Achieve a single-digit SBR by 2030.

Current Situation:

• Neonatal Deaths: Estimated 7.47 lakh annually.
• Target: Reduce neonatal deaths to below 2.28 lakh annually by 2030.

Components:

• Vision and Goals: Clear vision supported by specific goals, strategic interventions, and a monitoring framework.
• Focus on Stillbirths: For the first time, INAP includes targeted actions to prevent stillbirths.
• Implementation: Serves as a framework for states to develop localized action plans to address newborn health challenges.

• Framework for States: Helps states create and execute specific plans to improve newborn health outcomes.

Six Pillars of Interventions:

1. Pre-Conception and Antenatal Care: Focus on delaying first pregnancy, family planning, nutritional support, and high-risk pregnancy management.
2. Care During Labor and Childbirth: Strengthen health facilities, ensure skilled birth attendants, and improve emergency obstetric care.
3. Immediate Newborn Care: Establish functional newborn care centers, standardize clinical protocols, and ensure availability of essential medicines.
4. Care of Healthy Newborn: Focus on routine care and early detection of potential issues.
5. Care of Small and Sick Newborn: Provide specialized care for preterm, low birth weight, and ill newborns.
6. Care Beyond Newborn Survival: Support ongoing health needs and developmental milestones.

Action Plan Categories:

• Essential (E): Universal implementation.
• Situational (S): Dependent on local epidemiological context.
• Advanced (A): Based on health-system capacity.

Guiding Principles:

• Equity, Gender, Quality of Care, Convergence, Accountability, and Partnerships.

Framework for States:

• Develop: Local action plans based on the six intervention packages with measurable indicators.

Impact:

• Improved Newborn Health: Reduction in preventable deaths and stillbirths through comprehensive
• and targeted interventions.

Milestones in Child Survival Programs in India

1992 – Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Programme (CSSM)

• Objective: Improve child survival rates and maternal health.

1997 – Reproductive and Child Health Programme I (RCH I)

• Objective: Strengthen reproductive and child health services.

2005 – Reproductive and Child Health Programme II (RCH II)

• Objective: Continue and expand RCH I efforts with a focus on comprehensive healthcare services.

2005 – National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)

• Objective: Improve healthcare delivery in rural areas, emphasizing maternal and child health.

2013 – RMNCH+A Strategy

• Objective: Address Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent health comprehensively, focusing on the continuum of care.

2013 – National Health Mission (NHM)

• Objective: Integrate and enhance previous health initiatives with a broader approach to health systems strengthening.

2014 – India Newborn Action Plan (INAP)

• Objective: Reduce preventable newborn deaths and stillbirths through targeted interventions.

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