“IDD Control Program: Proven Strategies to Combat Iodine Deficiency Disorders in India [2024]”

“Learn about the IDD Control Program’s comprehensive strategies to reduce Iodine Deficiency Disorders in India, including universal iodized salt use, awareness campaigns, and more.”

Iodine-Deficiency Disorder Program (IDD)

Overview:

• Iodine deficiency is a major global public health issue, affecting over 1.5 billion people worldwide.
• In India, every state/union territory is impacted by Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD).

National Goiter Control Program (NGCP):

• Launched in 1962, this 100% centrally assisted program aimed to combat iodine deficiency.
• Renamed in August 1992 as the National Iodine Deficiency Disorder Control Program (NIDDCP), expanding its focus to a range of disorders like mental and physical retardation, deaf-mutism, and more.

Objectives of NIDDCP:

1. Survey: Assess the magnitude of iodine deficiency.
2. Supply: Ensure the provision of iodized salt instead of common salt.
3. Resurvey: Conduct follow-up surveys every five years to monitor the impact.
4. Monitoring: Laboratory tests of salt and urinary iodine levels.
5. Health Education: Promote awareness and education on IDD.

Organizational Structure:

• Central level management by the Directorate General of Health Services, with dedicated cells at both central and state levels for IDD control.

Key Activities:

• Policy Formation: Establish consumption of iodized salt as a primary prevention strategy.
• Mandatory Iodization: By 1992, India aimed to iodize all edible salt, with a ban on non-iodized salt for human consumption from May 17, 2006.
• Public Awareness: Health education and publicity campaigns.

Goals for IDDCP under 12th Five-Year Plan (2012-2017):

1. Universal use of iodine-fortified salt.
2. Reduce IDD prevalence to below 5% nationwide.
3. Ensure 100% household consumption of adequately iodized salt (15 PPM).

Strategies:

• Surveys and Monitoring: Regular IDD surveys, establishment of monitoring labs.
• Training and Awareness: Programs to educate health workers and the public.
• Incentives: Community-level awareness initiatives with ASHA incentives.

This structured approach helps in understanding the efforts and strategies India has undertaken to eliminate iodine deficiency and associated health problems.

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