1 YEAR GNM NURSING FOUNDATIONS
1 YEAR FUNDAMENTAL OF NURSING
“Discover the core concepts and skills in the 1 year of GNM Nursing Foundation. Build a strong base for a successful nursing career with essential knowledge and training.”
| Unit No. | Content | Assessment Methods |
|---|---|---|
| I | Introduction to Nursing a) Nursing – concept, meaning, definitions, scope, and functions. b) History of nursing in India c) Nursing as a profession d) Nursing professional – qualities and preparation. e) Ethics in Nursing – roles and responsibilities of a nurse. f) Health care agencies – hospital and community service – types and function of hospitals, health team. g) Modern approaches to nursing care including holistic nursing care. h) Health and Disease: Definition of health, determinants of health status. | Short answer Objective type Essay type |
| II | Nursing care of the patient/client in the hospital using nursing process a) Patient Environment in the hospital: Patients unit b) Therapeutic environment: Physical factors – lighting temperature, ventilation, humidity, noise, pestilence. Safety needs, prevention of environmental hazard. Psychosocial and aesthetic factors. c) Patient’s Adjustment to the Hospital: Understanding the patient as a person, socio-economic, and cultural background, health status, etc. Effect of hospitalization on patient and family. d) Basic Nursing Skills: Communication, Nursing interview, Recording, and reporting. e) Nursing Process: Meaning and importance, Assessment, Nursing diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation, Nursing care plan. | Short answer Objective type Essay type Return demonstration |
| III | Meeting the Basic Needs of a Patient a) Physical needs: Comfort, rest, sleep, and exercise – Importance and its promotion. Body mechanics – moving, lifting, transferring. Position and posture maintenance. Comfort devices. Beds and bed making – Principles of bed making, types, and care of bed linen. Safety devices, restraints, and splints. Exercises – Active and Passive. b) Hygienic needs: Personal and environmental hygiene personal. Nurses note in maintaining personal and environmental hygiene. Care of eyes, nose, ears, hands, and feet. Care of mouth, skin, hair, and genitalia. Care of pressure areas, bed sores. c) Elimination needs: Health and sickness problems – constipation and diarrhea, retention, and incontinence of urine. Nurse’s role in meeting elimination needs. Offering bed-pan and urinal, Observing and recording abnormalities. Preparation and giving of laxative, suppositories, enemas, bowel wash, flatus tube. Perineal care, care of patients with urinary catheters, diapers. Maintenance of intake and output records. d) Nutritional needs: Diet in health and disease. Factors affecting nutrition in illness. Nurse’s role in meeting patient’s nutritional needs. Modification of diet in illness. Diet planning and serving. Feeding helpless patients, including artificial methods of feeding. e) Psychological and spiritual needs: Importance. Nurse’s role – Diversional and Recreational therapy. f) Care of terminally ill and dying patient: Dying patient’s signs and symptoms, needs of dying patient and family. Nursing care of dying – special considerations; advance directives, euthanasia, will, dying declaration, organ donation, etc. Medico-legal issues. Care of the dead body. Care of unit. Autopsy. Embalming. | Short answer Objective type Essay type Return demonstration Assessment using checklist |
| IV | Assessment of Patient/Client a) Physical Assessment: Importance, principles, methods of assessment. Height, Weight, posture. Head to toe examination. b) Physiological Assessment: Vital signs, normal, abnormal characteristics, factors influencing the variations, Observation and collection of specimens – urine, stool, vomitus, and sputum. c) Psychological Assessment: Mood, Intelligence, Emotions, Normal and Abnormal behavior. | Short answer Objective type Essay type Return demonstration Assessment using checklist |
| V | Infection Control a) Infection control: Nature of infection. Chain of infection transmission. Defense against infection: natural and acquired. Hospital-acquired infection (nosocomial infection). b) Concept of asepsis: Medical and surgical asepsis. Isolation precautions, barrier nursing. Hand washing – simple, hand asepsis, surgical asepsis (scrub). Isolation source and protection. Personal protective equipment types, uses, and techniques of wearing and removing. c) Bio-medical waste management: Importance. Types of hospital wastes. Hazards associated with hospital waste. Decontamination of hospital waste. Segregation and transportation. Disposal. Decontamination of unit and equipment. | Short answers Essay type Objective type |
| VI | Therapeutic Nursing Care a) Care of patients with respiratory problems/dyspnea: Deep breathing and coughing exercises. O2 inhalation. Dry and moist inhalation. Oro nasal suctioning. b) Care of patients with altered body temperature – Hot and cold applications. c) Care of patients with fluid and electrolyte imbalance. d) Care of unconscious patients. e) Care of the bed-ridden patient (traction, fractures, etc.). f) Care of patients with pain. g) Care of patients with body elimination deviation. | Short answer Objective type Essay type Return demonstration Assessment using checklist |
| VII | Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology Administration of medication: a) General Principles/Considerations: Purposes of medication, Principles: Rights, special considerations, prescriptions, safety in administering medications and medication errors. Drugs forms. Routes of administration. Storage and maintenance of drugs and nurses’ responsibility. Broad classification of drugs. Therapeutic effect, side effect, toxic effect, allergic reaction, drug tolerance, drug interactions. Factors influencing drug actions. Systems of drug measurement: metric system, household measurements. Converting measurements units: conversion within one system, between systems, dosage calculations. Terminologies and abbreviations used in prescription of medications. b) Oral drug administration: oral, sublingual, buccal – equipment and procedure. c) Parenteral: General principles. Types of parenteral therapies. Types of syringes, needles, cannulas, and infusion sets. Protection from needle stick injuries, giving medications with a safety syringe. Routes of parenteral therapies: Purposes, site equipment, procedure and special considerations in giving intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous medications. Advanced techniques: epidural, intrathecal, intraosseous, intraperitoneal, intrapleural, intra-arterial. Role of nurse. d) Topical administration: purposes, site, equipment, procedure, special considerations for applications to skin and mucous membrane. e) Direct application: Gargle, throat swab. Insertion of drug into body cavities: nasal pack, suppositories/medicated packing into rectum/vagina. Instillations: ear, eye, nasal, bladder, and rectal. Irrigations: eye, ear, bladder, vaginal, and rectal. Spray: nose and throat. f) Inhalations: nasal, oral, endotracheal, tracheal (steam, oxygen, and medications) purposes, types, equipment, procedure, and special considerations. g) Recording and reporting of medications administered. | Short answer Objective type Essay type Return demonstration Assessment using checklist |
This table comprehensively captures the learning objectives, content, hours, teaching methods, and assessment strategies for each unit.
FIRST AID IN GNM NURSING
“Learn essential first aid techniques in nursing with our comprehensive guide. Discover life-saving procedures, step-by-step instructions, and best practices to handle emergencies effectively.”
| Unit | Content | Assessment Methods |
|---|---|---|
| I | Introduction a) Definition, Aims, and Importance of First Aid b) Rules/General Principles of First Aid c) Concept of Emergency | Short answer Objective type |
| II | Procedures and Techniques in First Aid a) Preparation of First Aid Kit b) Dressing, bandaging, and splinting (spiral, reverse spiral, figure of 8 spica, shoulder, hip, ankle, thumb, finger, stump, single and double eye, single and double ear, breast, jaw, capeline), triangle bandage uses, abdominal binder and bandage, breast binder, T and many tail bandage, knots – reef, clove. c) Transportation of the injured d) CPR: Mouth to mouth, Sylvester, Schafer, External cardiac massage | Short answer Objective type Return demonstration |
| III | First Aid in Emergencies a) Asphyxia, Drowning, Shock b) Wounds and Bleeding c) Injuries to the Bones, Joints, and Muscles – fractures, sprains, strains, hanging, falls d) Burns and Scalds e) Poisoning – ingestion, inhalation, bites, and stings f) Foreign body in eye, ear, nose, and throat. | Short answer Objective type Return demonstration |
| IV | Community Emergencies & Community Resources a) Fire, Explosion, Floods, Earthquakes, Famines, etc. b) Role of Nurses in Disaster Management c) Rehabilitation d) Community Resources – Police, Ambulance services, Voluntary agencies (local, state, national, and international) | Short answer Objective type Essay type |
This table captures the learning objectives, content, hours, teaching-learning activities, and assessment methods for the first aid unit.
